过去完成时的结构用法
过去完成时，作文初中英语的必考时态之一，在英语学习中也占据着主要的地位，那么，过去完成时的结构是什么、具体该怎么用呢，下面就来详细了解一下。
过去完成时的结构用法（精选篇1）
过去完成时的定义
过去完成时①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续。
一、基本结构：主语+had+过去分词
①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词
②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词
③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答： No,主 语+had not
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？
过去完成时的基本用法
1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。
例如：
By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。
例如：
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
3）一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o&39;clock last night
（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
过去完成时的常见考法
对于过去完成时的考查，多以单选、词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的 能力。在考试中，一般会让大家判断是否该用过去完成时。
典型例题1：
We ____five English songs by the end of last term.
A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned
解析：“到上学期为止，我们已经学了五首英文歌曲”，by+过去的时间点，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。
答案：A
误区提醒:
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在状语从句和宾语从句中。
典型例题1：The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school.
A has begun; get B has been on; get C had begun; got D had been on; got
解析：题干的意思是“当王先生到达学校的时候，会议已经开始了”。表达两个动作先后发生，“到达”是过去的，用一般过去时，“会议已经开始”在之前发生，“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，排除 A和 B。而had been on表示会议应经进行了多长时间，应和时间段连用，所以排除。
过去完成时①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续。
用动词的适当形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.
2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).
3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______ (arrive).
5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.
7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.
9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall.
10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house.
11.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave).
12.We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.
13. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework.
14. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do)
15.She ____________(not go) to Qingdao because she ________________ (be) there before.
16. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet.
17. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher.
18. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.
19. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.
20.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).
参考答案：
1. had painted... moved 2. had made ... died 3. had studied…left4. had run away..arrived5. had turned off …went 6. went …had made 7. said …had read 8 failed …had made 9. (had) finished …left 10. were having/had had …got 11. arrived ..had left 12.. had learned 13. (had) finished 14. had ..done 15 didn&39;t go …had been 16. hasn&39;t told 17 had …given 18. have been 19. had been 20. was playing …was singing
单选
1 When Li Ming hurried home， he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.
A has； been sent B had； sent C has； sent D had； been sent
2 We ____five English songs by the end of last term.
A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned
3 Han Mei told me she _____lunch， so she was very hungry.
A has had B hasn&39;t have C have had D hadn&39;t had
4 By the end of 1976， many buildings _____built in the city.
A have been B have C had been D will
5 She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home.
A has left； comes B had left； would come C had left； came D left； had come
6 He said that it was at least ten years since I _____a good drink.
A had enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have been enjoying
7 The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school.
A has begun；get B has been on；get C had begun；got D had been on；got
参考答案：
1D 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 C 6 A 7 C
填空
1 When I returned home， he _____ （leave）。
2 By ten yesterday evening， she ________（finish）writing.
3 He ______ （study） English for five years before he came here.
4 It ____ _____ （stop） raining when I wake up this morning.
5 I _____ （not read） the book because I had read it before.
6 She said she____ （be） born in 1992.
7 When he _____（come） to China two years ago he found people didn&39;t understand him at all though he ________（learn） some Chinese in his own country.
8 I saw Han Mei yesterday. We _____（not see） each other since left Beijing.
9 When I got to his home， he_____（go） to bed.
10 She asked if Mr. Liu _____ already _____（come） back.
参考答案：
1 had left 2 had finished 3 had studied4 had stopped5 didn&39;t read 6 was 7 came had learned8 hadn&39;t seen 9 had gone 10 had come